What is DNA Sequencing?

DNA sequencing is a procedure used to ascertain the nucleotide sequence of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The nucleotide sequence is a blueprint that encompasses the directives for building an organism, and no perception of the genetic function or progression can be complete without gaining this data. The nucleotide sequence is thus an essential level of information of a genome or gene. Sequencing a complete genome is a complex task that requires separating the DNA of the genome into numerous smaller fragments, sequencing the fragments, and gathering the sequences into a sole long consensus.

The early methods of sequencing (also known as first-generation sequencing technologies) were developed in the 1970s which included Maxam-Gilbert and Sanger method. However, next-generation sequencing methods have mostly supplanted the first-generation methods. These newer methods enable numerous DNA fragments (occasionally on the order of millions of strands) to be sequenced at one time and are more cost-effective and much quicker than first-generation methods. The efficacy of next-generation methods was enhanced significantly by advances in the field of bioinformatics that allowed for augmented data storage and helped the analysis and handling of very big data sets.

The industry size of global DNA sequencing in the year 2022 is valued at USD 11.52 billion and is predicted to reach USD 40.64 billion by the year 2030, at a healthy CAGR of 17.5% from 2022-2030.

How new is DNA sequencing?

The technological improvements and automation have increased speed and lowered costs to the point where individual genes can be sequenced routinely, and some labs can sequence well more than 100,000 billion bases per year, and an entire genome can be sequenced for just a few thousand dollars.

Many of these new technologies were developed with support from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) Genome Technology Program and its Advanced DNA Sequencing Technology awards. One of NHGRI's goals is to promote new technologies that could eventually reduce the cost of sequencing a human genome of even higher quality than is possible today and for less than $1,000.

What are the market growth factors?

Factors such as constant technological advancements in the sequencing methods, developments in the field of bioinformatics, increasing applications of NGS (Next-generation Sequencing) and WGS (Whole-genome Sequencing), growing prevalence of viral diseases such as SARS and COVID-19, increasing cases of cancer globally, and growing research and development expenditure are propelling the DNA sequencing market expansion across the globe. Additional aspects that are anticipated to fuel this industry are applications in cancer research, biomarker discovery, personalized medicine, genomic analysis, and forensics. Constant collaborations and partnerships between major market players in order to launch new and innovative technologies have enhanced the demand for overall market for the DNA sequencing market.

DNA sequencing also has applications in the field of animal and plant breeding. Selecting the finest animals for next generation breeding is needs an in-depth understanding of the livestock genetics. Genomics technologies are entirely established in breeding and are becoming further competent due to technology innovations and progresses. The area of modern farming has instituted techniques such as genome sequencing, genome wide association, genotyping, and genetic markers. Moreover, genome sequencing has reached satisfactory success in beef cattle and milk cow breeding with enhanced properties in characters such as milk yield, beef quality, feed efficiency, and health.

Regional Analysis:

The report covers data for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East and Africa. In 2020, North America dominated the global market with a market share of more than 42%. U.S. represented the highest share in the North American region primarily due to presence of leading market players and high awareness regarding next-generation sequencing technologies. Furthermore, early adoption of latest sequencing technologies also contributed to the high market share of the United States.

Europe was the second important market chiefly due to high investment in research and development and presence of skilled researchers. High incidence of cancer in the European region is also expected to boost the demand for DNA Sequencing market in the near future. Asia Pacific is anticipated to grow at the maximum CAGR of around14% in the forecast period due to high incidence of viral disorders. Latin America and the African and Middle Eastern region will display noticeable growth.

Key Market Players and Strategies:

The major companies operating in the worldwide DNA sequencing are Agilent Technologies, Illumina, Inc., QIAGEN, Perkin Elmer, Thermo Fisher, Roche, Macrogen, Inc., Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., Oxford Nanopore Technologies, and Myriad Genetics among others.

High investment in the research and development along with acquisition, mergers, and collaborations are the key strategies undertaken by companies operating in the global DNA Sequencing market. Recently, researchers at the University of Birmingham developed a COVID-19 test that lessens testing duration from 30 minutes to less than 5 minutes, and exhibits accurate results. This method employs a DNA sequence (termed Binder DNA) that identifies and binds to SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA along with an enzyme (BstNI) that identifies the Binder DNA, and slashes a short section from it if viral RNA exists.

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